Adverse Effect of Trauma on Neurologic Recovery for Patients with Cervical Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament

Study Design Retrospective study. Objective Minor trauma, even from a simple fall, can often cause cervical myelopathy, necessitating surgery in elderly patients who may be unaware of their posterior longitudinal ligament ossification (OPLL). The aim of this study is to determine the influence of trauma on the neurologic course in patients who have undergone surgery for cervical OPLL. Methods Patients who underwent surgery due to OPLL were divided by trauma history and compared (34 in the trauma group; 70 in the nontrauma group). Results Ground falls were the most common type of trauma (20 patients, low-energy injuries), but 23 patients developed new symptoms after a trauma. Although the symptom duration (17.68 months) was shorter, the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score and the Nurick scale showed lower values in the trauma group. Trauma histories led patients to earlier hospital visits. Initial JOA scores were associated with a good recovery status upon the last follow-up in both the groups. The narrowest diameter of the spinal canal showed different radiologic parameters: 5.78 mm in the trauma group and 6.52 mm in the nontrauma group. Conclusion Minor trauma can cause the unexpected development of new symptoms in patients unaware of cervical OPLL. Patients with a history of trauma had lower initial JOA scores and showed a narrower spinal canal compared with a nontrauma group. The initial JOA scores were correlated with a good recovery status upon the last follow-up.